Contrarian Corpus
short seller research note follow up
2020-06-02 · 7 pages

eHealth, Inc. EHTH

EHTH books Medicare Advantage revenue today that takes nine to twenty years to collect, masking a cash-incinerating, high-churn business reminiscent of Enron-style accounting.

N 4 Narrative
V 2 Visual
C 2 Craft
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Thesis

Muddy Waters argues that eHealth's revenue recognition under ASC 606 is fundamentally broken: the company books the full Medicare Advantage LTV (roughly $1,013 per member) upfront, yet Muddy Waters calculates it takes approximately nine years to actually collect that cash, and up to 20 years once tail revenue adjustments are layered on. Using EHTH's own churn disclosures, they show that by the end of Year One more than 50% of members are already gone (Q1 2020 TTM churn of 51.2%), and that after roughly $75 per-member-per-year of ongoing service costs the collections shortfall reaches 36.1% of the booked receivable. CEO Scott Flanders continues to defend the practice publicly, which Muddy Waters characterizes as misdirection amplifying what it sees as stock-promotion accounting.

SCQA

Situation

eHealth is a Medicare Advantage online broker that books the full multi-year LTV of each enrolled senior as revenue upfront under ASC 606, recognizing commissions it expects to collect over an assumed three-year member life.

Complication

Muddy Waters calculates it actually takes nine years to collect one dollar of booked MA revenue, churn has risen past 50% in Q1 2020, and tail-revenue adjustments push collections out two decades while management ignores ongoing service costs.

Resolution

Muddy Waters maintains its short thesis and urges investors to treat EHTH's revenue and LTV disclosures as aggressive stock-promotion accounting akin to Enron rather than durable economic earnings.

Reward

After layering in ~$75/member/year of ongoing costs, total variable income of $647 falls 36.1% short of the $1,013 booked receivable, implying EHTH is value-destructive rather than profitable.

The three reasons

  1. 1

    EHTH takes nine years to collect each dollar of Medicare Advantage revenue it books today

  2. 2

    After ongoing costs, cash collections fall 36.1% short of the booked LTV receivable

  3. 3

    Churn has surpassed 50% yet management keeps booking aggressive multi-decade tail revenue

KPIs cited

Cash collection period vs. stated 3-year MA life
~9 years pre-tail, ~20 years with tail adjustment
TTM churn rate
51.2% in Q1 2020, up from 44.1% in FY16
Booked LTV receivable
$1,013 per MA member at YE 2019 (constrained)
Shortfall vs. LTV booked after ongoing costs
36.1% ($366 shortfall on $1,013 receivable)
Ongoing costs per member per year
~$75 ignored by management
Q4 2019 tail revenue booked in one period
$50.8 million vs. $917k (2017) and -$124k (2018)
Share of MA revenue collected within stated 3-year life
Only ~64%
Year One churn (modeled vs. stated)
33.4% modeled vs. 36% stated

Pattern membership

Where this document fits across the library's 12 rhetorical / structural patterns.

Precedents cited

  • Enron (booking estimates of future income in current periods)

Notable slides (5)

Notes

Follow-up short note to Muddy Waters' April 8, 2020 initial EHTH report. Format is a Word-style memo on Muddy Waters letterhead with footnoted citations (10-K, earnings calls, former employees), two waterfall charts of revenue vs. cash collection, a churn-ladder table, and a quarter-by-quarter churn table highlighting the 51.2% Q1 2020 figure. Carson Block signals authorship via the masthead 'Director of Research' rather than a signature block. No stake/size disclosed, no explicit price target — this is a thesis-reinforcement note rather than a new initiation. Enron is invoked explicitly as the accounting analogue.