Callouts & quotes from 766+ activist slides

""We took a $30 million impairment charge on the Reveal Imaging acquisition, reducing the overall margins by 1.2%. While Reveal and the engineering products business are our most profitable, we did not ship nor expect to ship enough units near term of Reveal units to produce the financial results necessary to support the purchase valuation a couple of years ago." — SAIC Q2'2014 conference call"

"“If you grow your Industrial EPS...4% a year over the next couple of years, that gets you to $2.00 [EPS in 2018]...Now I'm going to run the company to a higher number than that...So if you get 5% organic growth, if we're able to do the job with margins, if we execute the way we think we can execute...we're going to be substantially above 4% annual growth” — Jeff Immelt EPG Conference 5/20/15"

"“I've said this many times before, there's nothing fundamentally wrong with the TiO2 industry as much as this is a business that when you start looking at the core performance, if you look at Huntsman without TiO2, we would be going into 2016 here...with some of the highest margins we've ever had in our history and with better than GDP growth.” — Peter Huntsman, President & CEO, April 2016"

"As a producer of commodity products and ingredients, MGPI has to constantly innovate to maintain a competitive advantage against its larger peers that have substantially more resources and can easily out-spend it. MGPI holds very few patents, but as we highlighted earlier, its key patent rights to Fibersym® is set to expire in 2017 and could have a material adverse effect on margins."

"CFO Reagan: “You're thinking about the Health margins, we are now -- and we continue to believe that the Health margins, which were very strong in the quarter, continue to be sustainable.”; CEO Krone: “We were able to sell part of the business that really wasn't in our portfolio. Clearly, that would have been lower-margin for us.” — JPMorgan, Leidos Earnings First Look, Oct 29, 2019"

"“the cost of goods are pretty horrendous” – the gross margins “were pretty shitty…yeah, they were negative for sure.” ... “...the waste at the manufacturing plant exceeded 60%. They only had like a 30% yield. My guys were there almost every week trying to figure out how to improve the manufacturing process.” — Longtime oligonucleotide manufacturing expert and executive; ex-Agilent"

"Capitalize on Corporate Infrastructure Investments. In recent periods, we have made significant investments in our senior management and corporate infrastructure in anticipation of future revenue growth... We therefore anticipate that, to the extent our revenue grows, we will be able to leverage this infrastructure base and increase our operating margins. — Kratos 2013 10-K, p. 9"

"For this year 2023, Burgiss is projecting slightly above $90 million of forecasted revenue with a mid-teens standalone EBITDA margin. Together with the benefits we bring to the business, we're projecting 20% top-line growth in the near term and gradually expanding margins. I would point out that we do expect this to be dilutive for the next 12 months. — Burgiss Deal Call Aug 2023"

"The first $500 million of synergies is expected to create a company with EBITDA margins of over 20% and annual EBITDA of over $3 billion, giving us the firepower to reduce the leverage ratio to 3 times to 3.5 times within two years to three years and then, subsequently, to deploy capital to create further value beyond our organic agenda. — CEO Michael Polk – Q4 2015 Earnings Call"

"CFO Rowland: "We're also excited as we continue to lean in and drive a conversion of our revenue portfolio towards digital, that roughly 50% of this backlog is higher-margin digital business." — Investor Day Sept 2021; CFO Rowland: "And then, of course, our backlog has a higher digital mix. And so that will naturally bring with it some higher margins." — Q3'22 Earnings Nov 2022"

"It appears that no matter the auditor in 2017 or 2022, there's a consistent warning that a critical audit matter relates to the carrying value of the assets. The current auditor is evaluating the historical EBITDA projections vs. actual. Based on our review, management was overly optimistic about access to milk for production, and EBITDA margins have materially declined."

"Talk about a fall from grace. Of all the US airlines, Southwest has evolved the least since 9/11, relative to an industry that has undergone a massive profit transformation ... We believe substantive changes to its business model are required if margins are ever going to reclaim the high ground, but management (thus far) appears uninterested. — J.P. Morgan, December 2023"

"Talk about a fall from grace. Of all the US airlines, Southwest has evolved the least since 9/11, relative to an industry that has undergone a massive profit transformation ... We believe substantive changes to its business model are required if margins are ever going to reclaim the high ground, but management (thus far) appears uninterested. — J.P. Morgan, December 2023"

"Talk about a fall from grace. Of all the US airlines, Southwest has evolved the least since 9/11, relative to an industry that has undergone a massive profit transformation ... We believe substantive changes to its business model are required if margins are ever going to reclaim the high ground, but management (thus far) appears uninterested. — J.P. Morgan, December 2023"

"Talk about a fall from grace. Of all the US airlines, Southwest has evolved the least since 9/11, relative to an industry that has undergone a massive profit transformation ... We believe substantive changes to its business model are required if margins are ever going to reclaim the high ground, but management (thus far) appears uninterested. — J.P. Morgan, December 2023"

"Part II: Twist’s “DNA chip” narrative - 10,000X higher throughput and lower cost - is fraudulent, covering up a manual, labor-intensive, and fatally-flawed manufacturing process crippled by errors, bottlenecks, and pitiful yields – thereby driving gross margins we estimate to be negative, not unlike Theranos which claimed to run blood tests on its “chip” but wasn’t."

""[We] designed our mid-cycle methodology around the 2012-to-2019-time frame. You had cycles of strong margins and weak margins during that period of time." — Phillips 66 Investor Relations, March 14, 2024; "The biggest delta is in refining and well below mid-cycle refining environments baked into the '25, '26 outlook." — Phillips 66 CEO Mark Lashier, January 7, 2025"

""[We] designed our mid-cycle methodology around the 2012-to-2019 time frame. You had cycles of strong margins and weak margins during that period of time." — Phillips 66 Investor Relations, March 14, 2024; "The biggest delta is in refining and well below mid-cycle refining environments baked into the '25, '26 outlook." — Phillips 66 CEO Mark Lashier, January 7, 2025"

"When AMR eliminated its Trading & Logistics segment in Q2 2019, it was merged with the CAPP Met segment. We investigated to see how AMR would restate its historical financials by combining these two segments. In the 2019 Annual Report, we see that AMR restated the segment which resulted in the segment's coal margins magically increasing by 4.7% without explanation."

""By positioning ourselves as a "one-stop" environmental services provider, we plan to leverage our diverse service offerings to unlock potential cross-selling opportunities across our business lines. As we execute on our growth strategies, we will continue to leverage our scalable capabilities to manage costs and drive higher operating margins." — GFL Environmental"

"Gross margin decreased to 45.6% in the current year compared to 46.4% for the prior year primarily due to product volume deleveraging, the negative impact of foreign currency changes and inventory-related charges, partially offset by pricing, higher service and software margins, and lower premium freight and component part costs. — Zebra Technologies 2023 10-K"

""This 250-basis-point decline in gross margin as compared to the prior year was mainly the result of an unfavorable mix -- sales mix. The shift in mix was driven by the significant growth in shipments of portable generators and mobile products during the quarter, which carry lower gross margins relative to the consolidated corporate average." — CFO Q3 2017"

"We believe that if Quectel were added to the Covered List that it would not only be a headwind to government (and perhaps all sector) sales, but it would also necessitate a widespread replacement of existing hardware, which would be accompanied by a requisite write-off of capitalized connected device costs, thus further compressing Samsara gross margins."

"“These are all high-margin specialty applications...You can see the margins for construction are best in class here running from 23%, to just under 26%. We maintain these margins because of the specialty nature of the product, the distribution network, and the fact that their specified for high-end applications.” — Greg Poling, President & CEO, May 2016"

"So I guess when you think about ecobee and you look at -- as we ramp that up and they grow, their margin profile in the out years looks very similar to our clean energy business. We've talked about how that will probably be in the mid- to high teens EBITDA margins from a gross margin standpoint, closer to that mid-30% range. — Q3 2021 Conference Call"

""And finally, Broadridge's objectives to expand margins through scale and efficiency to strengthen by adding Itiviti. Itiviti's 30% plus operating margin business will increase our adjusted operating income margin by 50 basis points by fiscal '23 and positions us for higher adjusted earnings growth." — CEO Gokey, Itiviti M&A Call, March 29, 2021"

"Management touted Antuit as a "high-margin SaaS business" with revenue growth that doubled over a 3-year period. However, after obtaining Antuit's financial statements, we observe that revenue growth flat-lined in the year leading up to the acquisition, and its gross margin at 46.7% is wildly below the 70%-80% margins of typical SaaS companies."

"When I joined the business I think we had a 15% gross margin, but this just wasn't sustainable at that level of profit. And so the last round of label negotiations was about elevating the margins to a point where, I think, the business would self-sustain...So what was good for Spotify was good for the labels and that's why the margin increased."

""Canada is a relatively large business... and it's quite profitable." — Carlos Rodriguez, Q2'2015 Conference Call. "[T]he old GSI in Europe was what I would call more margin focused." — Gary Butler, 2008 Analyst Meeting. "Our margins in France, where when we acquired GSI back in '95, are excellent." — Arthur Weinbach, Q4'2006 Conference Call."

"BR claims that management is compensated on segment profit, allowing it to elect to record certain segment operating and non-operating expense items in “Other”. However, this does not appear to be true as recent Proxy Statements do not reward management at all based on “segment profit”. As a result, segment margins are potentially inflated."

"We’re going to have higher margins with the delivery of these cost synergies, and we haven’t quantified the benefits of any revenue synergies but we would clearly expect to be able to grow at higher rates over the longer term than we would independently.... And we see some very specific opportunities — CEO on Revenue Synergies, Aug 7, 2018"

""Our operating leverage was up 245 basis points year-over-year..." — Todd Gibbons. "This is one of our real focuses, delivering positive operating leverage and improving the operating margins of our company...And so you can see over the last 12 months, the operating margin has in fact, improved by 78 bps across the firm" — Gerald Hassell."

"“...we've maintained margins in the 75% to 80% range over time and we expect the long-term margins to stay in that 75% to 80% range.” — CFO Dylan Smith, August 2015; “...75% to 80% long-term range, which is still our current view in terms of the steady state and long-term gross margins of the business.” — CFO Dylan Smith, December 2015"

"“We finally received a little peek into the future of Disney’s streaming plan as the company shared a target of double-digit profit margins in streaming. As new CFO Hugh Johnston rightly admitted, that target should have been obvious, however, the timing and path forward still remain pretty ambiguous.” — MoffettNathanson, February 2024"

"“We finally received a little peek into the future of Disney’s streaming plan as the company shared a target of double-digit profit margins in streaming. As new CFO Hugh Johnston rightly admitted, that target should have been obvious, however, the timing and path forward still remain pretty ambiguous.” — MoffettNathanson, February 2024"

"With the FOIA data collected from the Florida DOT indicating a -22% decline in contact awards, and ROAD's commentary that new backlog over the period that Florida revenues ramped supported higher margins, we estimate the impact to the Company's EBITDA in FY25 to be approximately $10 - $15 million or approximately 3% - 5% of EBITDA."

""As you’ll be aware, 2025 Brent strip is at around $75 per barrel, and other commodities and prices, including refining margins, are under pressure. Were these prices to play out, the rule of thumb impact in 2025 would be around $4 billion – but that’s a price call that we don’t know at this stage" — BP CEO at the Q2 2024 results."

"“We’re going to have higher margins with the delivery of these cost synergies, and we haven’t quantified the benefits of any revenue synergies but we would clearly expect to be able to grow at higher rates over the longer term than we would independently”.... “And we see some very specific opportunities” — Amcor CEO, Aug 7, 2018"

"Heska's gross margins generally fall between those of high value-added diagnostic equipment companies and pure animal health distributors. Heska's EBITDA margins fall below those of nearly all possible comparable companies. We believe this is indicative of Heska's lack of proprietary technology and poor competitive position."

""Part of the reason we struggle to underwrite Box’s story of accelerating growth and expanding margins is the fact that Box has discussed initiatives to accelerate growth in the past, but not delivered on it, and has had several different target models, consistently needing to walk them back" — RBC Capital Markets, July 2021"

"Analyst: “We always talk about incremental margins with you.... You got all this operating leverage. How do we think about operating margin then?” Mark Donegan (PCC CEO): “And again they move, but I think that the range in which you should expect to see it move is somewhere between that 35% and 45%, 48%.” — December 3, 2014"

"As you’ll be aware, 2025 Brent strip is at around $75 per barrel, and other commodities and prices, including refining margins, are under pressure. Were these prices to play out, the rule of thumb impact in 2025 would be around $4 billion – but that’s a price call that we don’t know at this stage. — BP Q2 2024 Earnings Call"

"Coca-Cola is an iconic world-wide American brand that also depends on its “trade secret” formula and brand equity. To put WD-40’s extreme valuation in perspective, we compare the two. Not only does Coca-Cola have broader diversification, but also significantly higher margins and growth potential despite being 88x larger."

"We believe the market wildly overvalues the entirety of BR by not considering that 40% of its business is tied to low/no margin distribution revenue and services such as credit statement printing. Its gross margins and capex spending (due to aggressive capitalization of costs) are vastly below financial technology peers."

""In the fourth quarter of 2022, we executed multiple restructuring programs to lower costs, increase margins and position us for growth resulting in restructuring and impairment expenses of $35 million. We expect to fully execute our restructuring initiatives and programs over the next 12-24 months." — Resideo 2022 10-K"

"In 2016, Deckers combined its e-commerce and retail segments into a single segment called Direct-to-Consumer (DTC). This combination in reporting makes it very difficult to isolate retail results. Allowing for a modest decline in e-commerce margins would still imply a single digit margin for retail in FY2016 and FY2017"

"LSPD has cobbled together a motley collection of assets at increasingly expensive valuations. LSPD does not disclose target EBITDA margins, and generally hasn't disclosed historical growth rates. We believe a majority of the assets lose money and had already peaked in their growth cycle prior to LSPD's acquisition."

"We start with the customer in all deals and saying what does this do from that standpoint. But naturally, costs come out. Normally, we'll see gross margin fall to EBITDA. And within 1 year to 1.5 years after the acquisitions, they're highly accretive -- to our margins. — Evoqua CFO, CS Industrial Conf, Dec 2, 2022"

"Optically, PGNY would like investors to believe that it is achieving significant operating leverage. In reality, the largest contributor to its operating leverage story has been its aggressive use of stock-based compensation (SBC). Netting out the benefit of SBC uncovers that PGNY’s EBITDA margins are in decline."

"Not only has Heska had challenges growing organically, but the Company's profit margins have declined materially since peaking in 2017. Both absolute margins and margin expansion since 2019 trail IDEXX Labs by a wide margin. Investors should be concerned that margins are not expected to improve for several years."

"Spruce Point believes that Dollarama is significantly overvalued based on its undifferentiated and increasingly uncompetitive business model, inflated and unsustainable margins which are posed to decline, and its limited growth prospects which will restrain its ability to hit its long-term earnings expectations."

"We estimate gross profit per system will continue to drop as the solar investment tax credit steps down over the next 2 years. Lower margins and a reduced benefit for tax equity investors look to pressure an industry which already has tight margins and relies on tax equity to support their negative cash flows."

"Spruce Point does not believe that BR is justified in calling itself a SaaS company with margins that scale. In fact, its financials look nothing like a high quality SaaS company. When we benchmark BR's gross margins and deferred revenue relative to its recurring revenue, we find it to be wildly below peers."

"Spruce Point believes that Rollins' gross margins reporting is also opaque. Recently in 2022, the Company provided no qualitative discussion at all about factors affecting its performance. While we applaud recent efforts for more transparency, we believe gross margin discussion could be enhanced further."

"With no gross margin volatility, EBITDA margins consistently expand. USCR has offered an identical boilerplate explanation that it is related to volume, pricing, and efficiencies, up until recently. We will explore how aggressive use of capital leases likely explain some of the EBITDA margin expansion."

"Lasertec is an extreme, textbook accounting fraud that checks off every box: claiming to have the highest margins in the industry; but alarmingly little cash flow and the lowest cash conversion among its peers; accompanied by the highest inventory level of any semicap equipment supplier in the world."

""the cost of goods are pretty horrendous"; the gross margins "were pretty shitty...yeah, they were negative." — Gen9 executive; "you’re definitely going bankrupt"; "you’re going to lose money...it’s something I don’t think [investors] get...you’re not long for this world." — DNA manufacturing expert"

"“Margins will be the same because that is how they are managing the business. Net profit on legacy business may slowly shrink because as their costs come down, the total dollar or margin might shrink. 40% of a penny versus two pennies is just less money.” — Former Avery Dennison RFID Sales Manager"

"Part of the reason we struggle to underwrite Box's story of accelerating growth and expanding margins is the fact that Box has discussed initiatives to accelerate growth in the past, but not delivered on it, and has had several different target models, consistently needing to walk them back..."

"Assuming 5-year useful lives for the intangibles related to customer lists from the Credit Karma and Mailchimp acquisitions results in estimated 21% to 26% reductions in GAAP net income in each of the past three fiscal years and a near halving of GAAP net margins since FY 2020 from 24% to 14%."